The great puppet animator Tadahito Okamoto (岡本 忠成, 1932-90)
was at his most prolific during the 1970s, sometimes creating two or even three
short films per year. The most beautiful
of these is Towards the Rainbow (虹に斑って/Niji ni Mukatte, 1977): a story of love conquering all odds. The 18 minute short is adapted from the folk tale Futari ga kaketa
Hashi (ふたりがかけた橋) by Etsuo Okawa about two young
lovers separated by a river.
The story is narrated by screen legend Kyoko Kishida, who lent her voice to numerous
puppet animations by both Okamoto and his friend and colleague Kihachiro
Kawamoto. The story is interwoven with
the music of folk singer Kōhei Oikawa, who adapted the story Futari ga kaketa
Hashi into song for the film. Okamoto had used
Oikawa once before for the music for Praise Be For Small Ills (南無一病息災, 1973).
Okamoto sets the scene with an ancient,
creased map of two communities in the mountains that are separated by a fast
flowing river. The divided communities
feud with each other with the young boys calling names and throwing rocks at each
other across the deep gorge. A young
girl on one side of the river collects flowers which she offers the boys on the
other side of the river as a gesture of goodwill, but she is cruelly struck
down by stones. A young boy tries to
stop his older peers from continuing to throw stones at her and is struck down
himself.
From that moment on a friendship
blossoms between the girl and boy. One
day, he brings her a present in a basket which he tries to send to her side of
the river along a rope, but some boys tear the rope out of her hands and the
basket washes away in the river. In
spite of all these obstacles, their love for each other only grows stronger. When the boy grows into a young man, he braves
the terrible current of the river with his raft to visit his love on her side
of the river. Their love seems
impossible for both are bound by responsibilities to their own families and
communities.
The young man decides to build a
bridge across the river and sets to work with supporters from his
village. However, the river is too strong
and knocks the bridge down. In her
distress over the seeming impossibility of their romance, the woman falls into
the river and the young man rescues her. As she lies in shock in his arms, the couple sees a magical display of white cranes forming a bridge
over the river and the woman experiences a vision in which she dances on a rainbow joining the two
communities. This vision inspires them
with the idea of building a new kind of bridge that does not need a support
beam. The tale promotes the value of devotion, dedication, and perseverance.
Towards the Rainbow is a truly spectacular stop motion animation. The puppets were handcrafted out of wood and
cloth and the misty backgrounds and sets – which are similar to those used in
Okamoto’s previous film The Strong Bridge (ちからばし, 1976) – have been made with an eye to historical accuracy. Okamoto is said to have done extensive
research about how such bridges were designed and constructed in the period in
which the film is set. The attention to
detail practised by Okamoto and his puppet and art designers can be seen in everything from the men having stubble on their faces after a long day of work to the use of
a professional choreographer to assist with the young woman’s dance on the rainbow in
the dream sequence.
In the opening sequence the young girl is shown picking flowers in a
field of higanbana or red spider lilies – which fans of Japanese cinema will
recognize from Yasujiro Ozu’s film Equinox Flower (彼岸花/Higanbana, 1958). Higanbana – which also appear on the
cover of the original storybook – usually bloom around the autumn equinox near countryside
graveyards and are associated with
the journey of the soul into the next world.
It is clear that the bridges being built in Towards the Rainbow, are not
just literal but spiritual as well. The
film comes full circle, beginning and ending in autumn with the narrator
declaring that the young heroine in her bridal garb is more beautiful than the autumn leaves.
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Director
Tadanari Okamoto 岡本忠成
Original Story
Etsuo Okawa 大川悦生
Screenplay
Kunpei Nagakura 永倉薫平
Yoko Higashikawa 東川洋子
Tadanari Okamoto 岡本忠成
Animation
Seishiro Fujimori 藤森誠代
Hirokazu Minegishi 峰岸裕和
Hiroshi Taisenji 奏泉寺博
Tokiko Ōmukai 大向とき子
Yumiko Yoshida 横田由美子
Art Design
Takashi Komae 小前隆
Masami Tokuyama 徳山正美
Chizuko Makisaka 槇坂千鶴子
Minoru Kujirai 鯨井実
Puppets
Sumiko Hosaka 保坂純子
Yoshiko Kumahiko 阿彦よし子
Sumie Ishii 石井寿美恵
Cinematography
Minoru Tamura 田村実
Editor
Naoko Aizawa 相沢尚子
Sound
Isamu Koufuji 甲藤勇
Narration
Kyoko Kishida 岸田今日子
Choreography
Saburō Satō 佐藤三郎
Music
(composition/performance)
Kōhei Oikawa 及川恒平
Musicians
Paper Land ペーパーランド
Shuji Honda 本田修二
Makoto Kouda幸田実
Masayuki Nakatomi 中富雅之
Kifu Mitsuhashi 三橋貴風 (shakuhachi)
Credits courtesy of Animations Wiki
Towards the Rainbow won Tadanari
Okamoto his 5th Noburo Ofuji Award at the 16th Mainichi Film
Concours.
text © Catherine Munroe Hotes 2011
